山东省成人高等教育学士学位
英语考试大纲(试行)
一、总则
为了客观地评价我省成人高等教育（非英语专业）学员的英语水平，有效地调动学生学习英语的积极性，提高学生的英语水平，从而保证成人教育本科毕业生学士学位的授予质量，根据教育部《大学英语课程教学要求（试行）》的要求、结合我省英语教学的现状和成人高等教育的特点以及社会对学生英语能力的实际要求，制定本考试大纲。
本考试的难度界定在大学英语三级的水平，是一种标准化考试。
二、评价目标
本考试采用水平测试的方法，指在考察学生的基本的英语综合应用能力，包括一定的听说能力，使他们在今后工作和社会交往中能用英语比较有效地进行口头和书面的信息交流，同时增强其自主学习能力、提高综合文化素养，以适应我国经济发展和国际交流的需要，并为进一步提高英语水平打下较好的基础。具体要求如下：
（一）词汇
应掌握3500个左右的英语单词，正确熟练使用由这些单词构成的常用搭配，并具备用构词法知识识别生词的能力。
（二）语法知识
掌握主谓一致关系，名词性从句、定语从句和状语从句等句型，直接引语和间接引语的用法，非谓语动词的用法，各种时态、主动语态、被动语态等基本的语法知识，并注重在语篇层面上运用语法知识的能力。
（三）阅读能力
考生应该能够综合运用英语语言知识和阅读技能理解书面英语，能以每分钟60词的速度阅读各种题材（包括社会生活、人物传记、科普、史地、政治、经济等）和体裁（包括议论文、记叙文、说明文、应用文等）的文字材料。阅读材料的生词量不超过３％，对于超出全日制教学大纲词汇表一至三级词汇表范围的词，用汉语注明词义。应试人员能够：
1.掌握所读材料的主旨和大意;
2.了解用以阐述主旨的事实和有关细节;
3.根据上下文判断某些生词或短语的意义;
4.理解单词的意义和上下句之间的逻辑关系;
5.根据所读的材料进行一定的判断、推理；
6.领会作者的观点和态度。
（四）翻译能力
主要测试考生理解汉语的书面材料并将其译成英语的能力。考生能将一般难度的汉语句子译成英语，译文通顺达意，无重大语法错误。
（五）写作能力
能在30分钟内写出长度为100个单词的短文，内容切题，语句连贯，条理清楚，语法正确，语言通顺恰当。
三、考试内容
本考试包括五个部分：阅读理解、词语用法与语法结构、完型填空、汉译英、短文写作。全部题目按顺序统一编号。
第一部分：阅读理解（PartIReadingComprehension）:共20题，考试时间35分钟。本部分要求考生阅读4篇英文短文，总阅读量不超过1000词。每篇短文后有5个问题。考生应根据文章内容从每题四个选择项中选出一个最佳答案。
本部分选材的原则是：
1．题材广泛，包括人物传记、社会、文化、日常知识等，其中所涉及的背景知识均在考生能理解的范围之内；
2．体裁多样，包括叙述文、说明文、议论文等；
3．文章的语言难度适中，超出考生应掌握的词汇范围的词，用汉语注明词义。
本部分主要测试以下能力：
1．掌握所读材料的主指和大意；
2．了解说明主指和大意的事实和细节；
3．既能理解字面意思，也能根据所读材料进行一定的判断和推理；
4．既能理解个别句子的意思，也能理解上下文的逻辑关系。
本部分的目的是测试考生通过阅读获取信息的能力，既要求准确，也要求有一定的速度。
第二部分：词语用法和语法结构（PartIIVocabulary&Structure）:共40题，考试时间30分钟。题目中60%为词和短评的用法，40%为语法结构。要求考生从每题四个选择项中选出一个最佳答案。
本部分的目的是测试考生运用词汇、短语及语法结构的能力。
第三部分：完型填空（PartIIIClose）:共10题，考试时间10分钟。在一篇题材熟悉、难度适中的短文（约200词）中留有10个空白，每个空白为一题，每题有四个选择项，要求考生在全面理解内容的基础上选择一个最佳答案，使短文的意思和结构恢复完整。填空的词项包括结构词和实义词。
本部分的目的是测试考生综合运用语言的能力。
第四部分：汉译英（PartIVTranslation）:共5题，考试时间是15分钟。给出5个汉语句子，要求考生翻译成英语，所译英语表达清楚，句子结构和用词正确。
本部分指在考察考生掌握汉英翻译的方法技巧、语言翻译能力以及汉英翻译所必备的语言文化知识。
第五部分：写作（PartVWriting）:共1题，考试时间为30分钟。要求考生根据题目规定写出一篇100词左右的短文。试卷上可能给出题目，或规定情景，或给出段首句，或给出提纲。要求能够正确表达思想，意义连贯，无重大语法错误。写作的内容包括日常生活和一般常识。
本部分的目的是测试考生运用英语书面表达思想的初步能力。
四、答题及计分方法
客观性试题用机器阅卷，要求考生从每题四个选择项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题纸上（AnswerSheet）上该题的相应字母中间用铅笔划一条横线。试卷（TestPaper）不能做任何记号。每题只能选择一个答案，多选作答错处理。主观性试题（短文写作），写在作文纸上，按科学的评分标准评分。试卷各部分计分采用加权的方法，折算成百分制，以60分为及格标准。
试卷五个部分的题目、计分和考试时间列表如下：
|
序号 |
题号 |
名称 |
题目数 |
计分 |
考试时间 |
|
I |
1~20 |
阅读理解（Reading Comprehension） |
20题 |
40分 |
35分钟 |
|
II |
21~60 |
词语用法和语法结构(Vocabulary&Structure） |
40题 |
20分 |
30分钟 |
|
III |
61~70 |
完型填空（Close） |
10题 |
10分 |
10分钟 |
|
IV |
71~75 |
汉译英（Translation） |
5题 |
10分 |
15分钟 |
|
V |
76 |
短文写作（Writing） |
1题 |
20分 |
30分钟 |
|
合计 |
76题 |
100分 |
120分钟 |
山东省成人高等教育学士学位
英语考试样题
Sample Test
Part I Reading Comprehension(35 minutes,40 points)
Directions: There are four reading passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A),B),C) and D). After you read a passage you should decide on the best choice and then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.
Passage One
Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage.
A fire drill is, to put it mildly, an inconvenient exercise at the best of times. A fire drill at 2:00 in the morning in terrible weather conditions, like the one we had on Thursday night and Friday morning last, is incomparably more inconvenient. This is why writing this note to thank you all most sincerely for your excellent co-operation and the spirit with which you endured the inconvenience.
A fire drill is not an idle exercise. It is an extremely serious one and can, in fact, save lives in the long run. Last week’ fire drill has already reyealed a number of important things regarding fire precautions in the Hall. For instance, there seem to exit a number of “deaf spots” in the Hall, namely, the two rooms in Purser House and some rooms in the Bottom corridor. I have no reason to doubt that residents from these areas could not hear the alarm. I shall request an immediate examination of this problem.
I should, also, remind you that it is a requirement that fire drills should be regularly carried out (at least two in every one year)and each resident should be made fully aware of this and obliged to take part. All residents must take fire precautions with the seriousness they deserve. Failure to do so can result bin fines and expulsion(驱逐)from the Hall. Thank you again for your co-operation.
1. The last fire drill caused much more inconvenience because_________.
A) it was in bad weather B) there were “deaf spots”
C) a big fire started D) it was at the weekend
2. The phrase “in the long run”(L.2,Part.2)means_________.
A)effectively B) endlessly C) eventually D) efficiently
3. Some people did not make their appearance at the last drill because_______.
A) they were deaf B)they could not hear the alarm
C) nobody waked them up D) they refused to leave their rooms
4. Afire drill is extremely important according to the writer for_________.
A) it is a good physical exercise B) it cultivates people’s endurance
C) it is a legal requirement D) it can save lives in case of a fire
5. Which of the following was NOT stated by the author?
A) A fire drill is very important and useful.
B) The last fire drill received inactive co-operation from the residents.
C) Those who do not take fire precautions will be fined and driven out.
D) It has been made a rule that fire drills will be performed regularly.
Passage Two
Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage
Accidents are caused; they don’t just happen. The reason may be easy to see: a shelf out of reach, a patch of ice on the misfortune—frustration, tiredness or just bad temper—that show what the accident really is, a sort of attack on oneself.
Road accidents, for example, happen frequently after a family quarrel, and we all know people who are accident-prone, so often at odds with themselves and the world that they seem to cause accidents for themselves and others.
By definition, an accident is something you can not predict or avoid, and the idea which used to be current, that the majority of road accidents are caused by a minority of criminally careless drivers, is not supported by insurance statistics. These show that most accidents involve ordinary motorists in a moments of carelessness or thoughtlessness.
It is not always clear, either, what sort of conditions make people more likely to have an accident. For instance, the law requires all factories to take safety precautions and most companies have safety committees to make sure the regulations are observed, but still, every day in Britain, some fifty thousand men and women are injured from work due to accidents. These accidents are largely the result of human error or misjudgment—noise and fatigue, boredom or worry are possible factors which contribute to this. Doctors who work in factories have found that those who drink too much, usually people who have a high anxiety level, run three times the normal risk of accidents at work.
6. The passage suggests that________.
A)Accidents are usually caused by psychological factors.
B)Accidents mostly result from slippery roads.
C)Drinkers run three times the normal risk of accidents in factories.
D)About 50 000people lose their lives at work in Britain every day.
7.Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a factor of accidents?
A) Mood. B) Tiredness. C) Carelessness D) Weather
8. The word “accidents-prone”(L.2 Para.2)means________.
A) likely to have accidentsB) injured in accidents
C) possible to die in accidents D) responsible for road accidents
9. What can we infer about the author’ opinion of accidents?
A) Safety precautions are of little use in accidents.
B) Many accidents can and should be avoided.
C) Factory accidents , unlike road accidents, are inevitable.
D) Most road accidents are caused by just a few careless drivers.
10. The best title for the passage would be __________.
A) Accidents and Anxiety
B) How to Deal with Accidents on Road and in Factories
C) Human Factors in Accidents
D) How to Prevent Accidents on Road and in Factories
Passage Three
Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage.
Is language, like food, a basic human need? Judging from the result of the violent experiment by a German King, Frederick II, in the 13th century, it may be. Hoping to discover what language a child would speak if he heard no mother tongue, he told the nurses to keep silent.
All the infants died before the first year. But clearly there was more than language deprivation here. What was missing was good mothering. Without good mothering, in the first year of life especially, the capacity to survive is seriously affected.
Today no much violent deprivation exists as that by Frederick II. Nevertheless, some children are still backward in speaking. Most often the reason for this is that the mother is insensitive to the signals of the infant, whose brain is programmed to map up language rapidly. There are critical times, it seems, when children learn more readily. If these sensitive periods are neglected, the ideal time for acquiring language skills passes and they might never be learned so easily again.
Linguists(语言学家)suggest that speech stages are reached in a fixed sequence and at a constant age, but there are cases where speech has started late in a child who eventually turns out to be of high IQ.
Recent evidence suggests that an infant is born with the capacity to speak. What is special about Man’s brain compared with that of the monkey, is the complex system which enables a child to connect the sight and feel of , say, a teddy-bear(玩具熊)with the sound pattern “teddy-bear”.
But speech has to be stimulated, and this depends on interaction between the mother and the child, where the mother recognizes the signals in the child’s babbling(牙牙学语), grasping, crying, smiling, and responds to them. Insensitivity of the mother to these signals dulls the interaction because the child gets discouraged and sends out only the obvious signals. Sensitivity to the child’s non-verbal signals is essential to the growth and development language.
11. Frederick II’s experiment was violent because_________.
A) he wanted to prove children are born with ability to speak
B) he ignored the importance of mothering to the infant
C) he was unkind to the nurse
D) he wanted his nurses to say no mother tongue
12. The reason some children are backward in speaking today that_________.
A) their mothers do not respond to their attempts to speak
B) their mothers are not intelligent enough to help them
C) they do not listen carefully to their mothers
D) their brains have to absorb too much language at once.
13. By “critical times” in Paragraph 3 the author means__________.
A) difficult periods in the child’s life
B) moments when the child becomes critical to its mother
C) important stages in the child’s development
D) times when mothers often neglect their children
14. Which of the following in NOT implied in the passage?
A) Ability to learn to speak a language is inborn in man
B) Children do not need to be encouraged to learn to speak
C) Early language starters are not necessarily highly intelligent
D) Most children learn their language in definite stages
15. If the mother does not respond to her child’s signals_________.
A) the child will never be able to speak properly
B) the child will stop giving out signals
C) the child will invent a language of his own
D) the child will make little effort to speak
Passage Four
Questions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage.
Americans who remember “the good old days” are not alone in complaining about the educational system in this country. Immigrants(移民) complain ,too. Lately a German friend was filled with anger when he learned that the mathematics test given to his son on his first day as a college freshman included multiplication and division. Japanese businessmen in Los Angeles send their children to private schools staffed by teachers imported from Japan to learn mathematics at Japanese levels, generally considered at least a year more advanced than the level here.
But I wonder: If American education is so poor, why is it that this is still the country of innovation(创新)?
When I was 12 in Indonesia, I had to memorize the name of all the world’s major cities, from Kabul to Karachi. At the same age, my son, who was brought up by a Californian, thought that Buenos Aires was Spanish for good food. However, unlike children of his age in Asia and Europe, my son had studied creative geography. When he was only 6, he drew a map of the route that he traveled to get to school, including the streets, the traffic signs and the houses that he passed.
Dissatisfied American parents forget that in this country their children are able to experiment freely with ideas; without this they will not really be able to think or to believe in themselves.
Critics of American education cannot grasp one thing: freedom. America, I think, is the only country that extends even to children the license to freely speak, write and be creative. Our public education certainly is not perfect, but it is a great deal better than any other. I think I have found the answer to my question.
16. From the text we learn that_________.
A) both Americans and immigrants are dissatisfied with the quality of American education
B) the author shares the general idea that American education is worse than education in many other countries
C) Japanese schools in America require their American teachers to teach mathematics at Japanese levels
D) the author’s German friend was a little displeased because the mathematics test for his son was too easy.
17. Which of the following is NOT true?
A) The author most probably was an immigrant from Asia and received some school education there.
B) Buenos Aires must be the name of a city, as are Kabul and Karachi.
C) Children in other countries are not likely to learn creative geography.
D) The knowledge of geography of the author’s son shows that American education is poor.
18. Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?
A) If children are not allowed to experiment freely with ideas they won’t grow up independent and creative.
B) Most Americans think the present American educational system is not as good as it used to be.
C) Private schools run by Japanese businessmen maintain a higher level than American public schools.
D) Americans are more innovative than other people in the world.
19. In the last paragraph the author says, “I have found the answer to my question.” What is the question?
A) Is Japanese education better than American education?
B) Why do Japanese businessmen send their children to Japanese-staffed schools?
C) Why was my son not taught enough geographic knowledge?
D) Is American education really worse than education in other countries?
20. What would be the best title for this passage?
A) American Education and Education in Foreign countries
B) Improvement Needed for American Education
C) Freedom to Think— Characteristic of American Education
D) Education and Innovation in American
Part II Vocabulary and Structure (30 minutes, 20points)
Directions: There are 40 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A), B), C), D). Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.
21. Don’t leave your bicycle out in the rain. It’ll get________.
A) rusty B) crude C) rough D) tough
22. I_______ to him for the error.
A) excused B) apologized C) pardoned D) congratulated
23. It’s _______ to ask Mr. Blake for help.
A) out question B) beyond question C) out of question D) in question
24. Hardly ________ home when the telephone rang.
A) I got B) did I getC) I had got D) had I got
25. ________his not arriving ,the meeting will be put off to next week.
A) At the event of B) For the event with
C) In the event of D) To the event of
26. It’s getting rather late. It’s time we________.
A) are going B) wentC) goD) must go
27. I_________ you everything’s going to be all right.
A) insureB) assureC) ensureD) sure
28. Auctioned(拍卖的)goods are sold for the highest price________.
A) madeB) takenC) offeredD) ordered
29. The colors of that coat and hat don’t __________.
A) suitB) mixC) matchD) imitate
30. Our whole class went to attend the conference yesterday, so_______ what happened on the campus.
A) all of us don’t knowB) none of us know
C) all we don not knowD) we all don’t know
31. Although _________ happened in that developed country sounds like science fiction, it could occur elsewhere in the world.
A) thisB) howC) what D) it
32. I sympathize with Women’s Liberation Movement only ________ a certain extent.
A) at B)withC) toD) in
33. The officer gave an order that everyone _________ back before dark.
A) get B) would getC) had to getD) must get
34. This year summer time came into ________ on the 12th of April.
A) effect B) efficiency C) useD) practice
35. Mr. White was told again and again to ________ smoking, but he just wouldn’t listen.
A) cut throughB) cut down onC) cut offD) cut away
36. The Greyhound_________ outside of New York Bus Station at 6 p.m. and started for Washington D.C. at 6:20 p.m.
A) pulled upB) pulled outC) pulled downD) pulled on
37. Can you give me another hint without ________ the answer?
A) giving offB) giving upC) giving awayD) giving in
38. Columbus was ________ his times in his belief that the earth was round.
A) in front of B) beforeC) in advance ofD) ahead of
39. After all, all living creatures live by feeding on something else, whether it _______ plant or animal, dead or alive.
A) beB) would beC) wasD) to go
40. The pilot felt something ______ wrong with the engine just before the plane took off.
A) toB) was goingC) goesD) to go
41. — You were brave enough to raise objections at the meeting.
— Well, now I regret _________ that.
A) having doneB) to be doingC) to have doneD) to do
42. ______ that they’re young and inexperienced, they’ve done quite a good job.
A) BeingB) GivenC) ProvidedD) Now
43. _______ is announced in the papers, a nation-wide sports meeting will be held in the city next month.
A) BecauseB) ForC) AsD) So
44. Being much too fat, Maria was advised to reduce her food for each meal, yet, she would _______ that.
A) have none of B) accept C) take care forD) listen to
45. In my opinion, he’s ________ imaginative of all the contemporary(同时代的)poets.
A) quite the mostB) by far the most
C) very the mostD) rather the most
46. Never before _________ so highly successful in his attempts to modify the weather on a very small scale.
A) man has been B) man isC) has man been D) will be man
47. With flowers and trees ________ everywhere, the city took on a new look.
A) to be planted B) being planted C) plantingD) planted
48. — John wants to see you today.
— I would rather he _______ tomorrow than today.
A) comes B) cameC) should comeD) has come
49. It was suggested that this problem _________ at the next meeting.
A) was discussedB) will be discussed
C) would be discussedD) be discussed
50. Walter offered us a lift when he was leaving the office, but our work _____, so we didn’t accept the offer.
A) not being finishedB) had not been finished
C) not having finishedD) was not finished
51. What you said reminds me ________ something I read a few days ago.
A) forB) byC) fromD) of
52. Another worry is that telecommunication systems may isolate people ____each other.
A) fromB) forC) withD) to
53. The smog is due _______ invisible gases, mostly from automobile exhaust.
A) fromB) to C) forD) with
54. ________ is accepted as true is relatively, and not absolutely, true.
A) ItB) ThatC) WhatD) That it
55. There are many children and adolescents ______ behavior is generally unacceptable .
A) theirB) whoC) whomD) whose
56. Edison failed _____ times before he succeeded in producing the first electric lamp.
A) thousandB) thousandsC) a thousand ofD) thousands of
57. Water ________ the digestive juices flow more freely and helps to digest the food.
A) makesB) causesC) pushesD) turns
58. The panic attacks may _______ for only a few minutes; some, however, continue for several hours.
A) happenB) beginC) lastD) end
59. Let us see how dictionaries are made and how the editors _________ definitions.
A) head to B) arrive at C) reach forD) approach to
60. The nurse took ________ of my blood to test.
A) an exampleB) an instanceC) a caseD) a sample
Part III Cloze (10 minutes, 10 points)
Directions: There are 10 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A), B), C), and D) beneath the passage. You should choose the one that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer sheet with a single line through the center.
Japan is a small country with few natural resources. 61 this, Japanese productivity, the rate at which goods are produced, 62 more than eleven times in the past thirty years . Many people in the West wonder how the Japanese do it. The key 63 Japan’s success can be discovered by looking at some basic differences between Japanese and Western attitudes towards works.
People in the west generally view work 64 a necessary evil— one must give up part of one’s freedom to earn the money needed to live. To the Japanese, however, work is the central interest of one’s life; it’s 65 that a Japanese establishes his identity.
A Japanese business firm is like a family, When an employee joins a company, he expects to work for that company for the rest of his working life; 66 is anyone dismissed. Promotion is based on the seniority system, the length of employment 67 one’rank in the company, Those at the bottom do not 68 chances for promotion because those at the top retire at a certain age 69 others may have their turn. In addition, the difference between the lowest and the highest salaries is much less than 70 in the West.
61. A) Because ofB) As forC) AlthoughD) Despite
62. A) have increased B) has increasedC) are increasingD) is increasing
63. A) toB) ofC) forD) in
64. A) likeB) forC) aboutD) as
65.A) thisB) thatC) hereD) where
66. A) barelyB) rarelyC) occasionally D) frequently
67. A) determines B) has determinedC) determiningD) to determine
68. A) care about B) care forC) worry aboutD) concern with
69. A) in thatB) such thatC) for thatD) so that
70. A) thatB) thoseC) oneD) ones
Part IV Translation (15 minutes, 10 points)
Directions: Put the following sentences into English.
71. 他通常在开车上班时顺路把孩子们接送到学校。
72. 如果没有了电，我们的世界就会和现在的完全不同。
73. 温度如此之高，消防队员不得不离开那座着火的房子。
74. 当你在嬉戏玩乐时，时光就从你身边悄悄溜走。
75. 我们被告知，在任何情况下我们都不能用办公室的电话谈私事。
Ｐart V Writing (30 minutes, 20 points)
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition based on the topic Health or Wealth. You are given the first sentence of each paragraph and are required to develop its idea in completing the paragraph. You should write at least 100 words, not including the words given. You should write this composition on the Answer Sheet.
Health or Wealth?
I prefer health to wealth if I have to choose between them.
Wealth cannot be acquired without health.
Even if one is born into a rich family, wealth alone cannot bring him happiness.
试题答案
Keys to the Sample Test
Part I Reading Comprehension
1. A2. C3. B4. D5. B6. A7. D8. A9. B10. C
11. B12. A13. C14. B15. D16. A17. D18. A19. D20. C
Part IIVocabulary and Structure
21. A22.B23.C24. D25.C26.B27. B28.C29.C30.B
31. C32.C33.A34.A35.B36.A37.C38.D39.A40.A
41.A42.B43.C44.A45.B46.C47.D48.B49.D50.D
51.D52.A53.B54.C55.D56.D57.A58.C59.B60.D
Part IIIClose
61.D62.B63.A64.D65.C66.B67.C68.C69.D70.A
Part IVTranslation
71. He usually drops the kids off at school on his way to work.
72. If there were no electricity, our world would be entirely different from what it is.
73. The temperature rose to such an extent that the firemen had to leave the firing house.
74. Time steals away from you when you are having fun.
75. We have been told that under no circumstances may we use the telephone in the office for personal affairs.
Part VWriting
Health or Wealth
I prefer health to wealth if I have to choose between them. It is true that wealth makes life easier and more comfortable, but health is even more important. Only when one has good health can he pursue wealth and happiness.
Wealth cannot be acquired without health. As we know, to gain wealth usually means working hard. If one does not have a strong body, how can he work hard? How can he have enough energy to overcome all the difficulties on his way towards success? Only with a sound body may one get a chance to enjoy the better life provided by his wealth because health ensure wealth but not vice versa. Therefore, health is the basis for attaining wealth.
Even if one is born into a rich family, wealth alone cannot make him happiness. Imagine a rich man who can do nothing but stay in bed. How can he enjoy his life? What can his money do for him? So long as one is healthy, there are always chances for him to attain everything including wealth. |
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